Vu Dao
Create An Ubuntu 20.04 Server Using Vagrant

Create An Ubuntu 20.04 Server Using Vagrant

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Vu Dao
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5 min read

  • Ubuntu Server is familiar with most of developers to run test or try/quick-start new feature, tools, etc.

  • Specific usecases are kubernetes (k8s) cluster, postgresql database servers with master and standby ones, try cassandra, etc.

  • Using vagrant for quick start and this is how to setup basic Ubuntu server Alt Text ###1. Create Vagrantfile file

  • User ubuntu version 20.04
    • Checkout the box version in generic/ubuntu2004
    • Box version needs to support libvirt Hosted by Vagrant Cloud (1.4 GB)
    • eg. generic/ubuntu2004:3.1.16
      Vagrant.configure("2") do |config|
config.vm.box = "generic/ubuntu2004"
config.vm.box_version = "3.1.16"
end
  • Library virtual driver is virtual box or KVM (Kernel-based Virtual Machine), here is KVM
  • Using bootstrap.sh for installing necessary software
# -*- mode: ruby -*-
# vi: set ft=ruby :

VAGRANTFILE_API_VERSION = "2"

Vagrant.configure(VAGRANTFILE_API_VERSION) do |config|
    config.vm.provider :libvirt do |libvirt|
        libvirt.driver = "kvm"
    end
    config.vm.box = "generic/ubuntu2004"
    config.vm.box_version = "3.1.16"
    config.vm.provision:shell, inline: <<-SHELL
        echo "root:rootroot" | sudo chpasswd
        sudo timedatectl set-timezone Asia/Ho_Chi_Minh
    SHELL

    config.vm.define "ubuntu20.04" do |ubuntu|
        ubuntu.vm.hostname = "ubuntu20.04"
    end

    config.vm.provision:shell, path: "bootstrap.sh"
end

###2. Bootstrap machine bootstrap.sh

  • Install docker
  • Resolve dns
  • Install openSSH
  • Enable root login
  • Welcome message ``` #!/bin/bash

    Bootstrap machine

ensure_netplan_apply() {

# First node up assign dhcp IP for eth1, not base on netplan yml
sleep 5
sudo netplan apply

}

step=1 step() { echo "Step $step $1" step=$((step+1)) }

resolve_dns() { step "===== Create symlink to /run/systemd/resolve/resolv.conf =====" sudo rm /etc/resolv.conf sudo ln -s /run/systemd/resolve/resolv.conf /etc/resolv.conf }

install_docker() { step "===== Installing docker =====" sudo apt update sudo apt -y install apt-transport-https ca-certificates curl gnupg-agent software-properties-common sudo curl -fsSL download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu/gpg | sudo apt-key add - if [ $? -ne 0 ]; then sudo curl -fsSL download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu/gpg | sudo apt-key add - fi sudo add-apt-repository "deb [arch=amd64] download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu $(lsb_release -cs) stable" sudo apt update sudo apt install -y docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io sudo groupadd docker sudo gpasswd -a $USER docker sudo chmod 777 /var/run/docker.sock

# Add vagrant to docker group
sudo groupadd docker
sudo gpasswd -a vagrant docker
# Setup docker daemon host
# Read more about docker daemon https://docs.docker.com/engine/reference/commandline/dockerd/
sed -i 's/ExecStart=.*/ExecStart=\/usr\/bin\/dockerd -H unix:\/\/\/var\/run\/docker.sock -H tcp:\/\/192.168.121.210/g' /lib/systemd/system/docker.service
sudo systemctl daemon-reload
sudo systemctl restart docker

}

install_openssh() { step "===== Installing openssh =====" sudo apt update sudo apt -y install apt-transport-https ca-certificates curl gnupg-agent software-properties-common sudo apt install -y openssh-server sudo systemctl enable ssh }

install_tools() { sudo apt install -y python-pip sudo apt install -y default-jre pip install kafka --user pip install kafka-python --user }

setup_root_login() { sudo sed -i 's/#PermitRootLogin prohibit-password/PermitRootLogin yes/' /etc/ssh/sshd_config sudo systemctl restart ssh sudo echo "root:rootroot" | chpasswd }

setup_welcome_msg() { sudo apt -y install cowsay sudo echo -e "\necho \"Welcome to Vagrant Ubuntu Server 18.04\" | cowsay\n" >> /home/vagrant/.bashrc sudo ln -s /usr/games/cowsay /usr/local/bin/cowsay }

main() { ensure_netplan_apply resolve_dns install_openssh setup_root_login setup_welcome_msg }

main


###**3. Start Vagrant**

⚡ $ vagrant up Bringing machine 'ubuntu20.04' up with 'libvirt' provider... ==> ubuntu20.04: Box 'generic/ubuntu2004' could not be found. Attempting to find and install... ubuntu20.04: Box Provider: libvirt ubuntu20.04: Box Version: 3.1.16 ==> ubuntu20.04: Loading metadata for box 'generic/ubuntu2004' ubuntu20.04: URL: vagrantcloud.com/generic/ubuntu2004 ==> ubuntu20.04: Adding box 'generic/ubuntu2004' (v3.1.16) for provider: libvirt ubuntu20.04: Downloading: vagrantcloud.com/generic/boxes/ubuntu2004/v.. ubuntu20.04: Download redirected to host: vagrantcloud-files-production.s3.amazonaws... ==> ubuntu2004: Checking if box 'generic/ubuntu2004' version '3.1.16' is up to date... ==> ubuntu2004: Creating image (snapshot of base box volume). ==> ubuntu2004: Creating domain with the following settings... ==> ubuntu2004: -- Name: ubuntu20.04_ubuntu2004 ...

⚡ $ vagrant ssh

< Welcome to Vagrant Ubuntu Server 20.04 LTS (Focal Fossa) >

    \   ^__^
     \  (oo)\_______
        (__)\       )\/\
            ||----w |
            ||     ||

vagrant@ubuntu2004:~$ ``` Alt Text

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